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Using math in physics - Anchor equations
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Highlights: A few fundamental equations can help organize large blocks of conceptual knowledge and serve as starting points for problem solving
Abstract: An important step in learning to use math in science is learning to blend conceptual physics knowledge with mathematical symbols. Students need to learn to see physics equations not just as calculational tools, but as ways of expressing fundamental relationships among physical quantities, coding conceptual information, and organizing physics knowledge structures. This unit provides tools to help organize a course around a few basic "anchor equations" and offers problems throughout the curriculum best solved by building from those basic equations. Problems available in autograded commercial environment, Expert TA.
Resource Types: Instructor supplement, Restricted access, Student reading, Homework, In-class activity
Commercially available in:  ExpertTA
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Physics Topics: 
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Using math in physics - Anchor equations

Using math in physics - Anchor equations

Using math in physics-Anchor equations - Introduction and Contents.pdf

Using math in physics - 3 Anchor equations.pdf

Anchor equations -- Reading the physics in an equation - Nexus Wiki.pdf

Reading the content in a sinusoidal wave.pdf

Reading the content in Newton's 3rd law.pdf

Reading the content in Bernoulli's principle.pdf

Reading the content in the friction equations.pdf

Reading the content in Coulomb's law.pdf

Reading the content in Fick's law.pdf

Reading the content in Newton's 2nd law.pdf

Reading the content in the harmonic oscillator solution.pdf

Reading the content in the ideal gas law.pdf

Reading the content in the kinematic equations.pdf

Reading the content in the Work-Energy theorem.pdf

Anchor equations -- Reading the physics in an equation.url

Reading the content in Bernoulli's principle.url

Reading the content in Coulomb's law.url

Reading the content in Fick's law.url

Reading the content in Newton's 2nd law.url

Reading the content in Newton's 3rd law.url

Reading the content in the friction equations.url

Reading the content in the ideal gas law.url

Reading the content in the kinematic equations.url

Reading the content in the Work-Energy theorem.url

Reading the content in the harmonic oscillator solution.url

Reading the content in a sinusoidal wave.url

_Problems - Anchor equations - Table of Contents.pdf

Anchor equations.pdf

Gradient driven flows.pdf

Principle-based reasoning.pdf

Anchor equations.url

Gradient driven flows.url

Principle-based reasoning.url

A diving gannet - in the water.pdf

A traffic ticket.pdf

Galileo's theorems.pdf

How fast do you need to go.pdf

Kinematic equations.pdf

The cat and the antelope.pdf

Making up a lap.pdf

The stooping hawk.pdf

The tortoise and the hare_ 2 - Symbolic.pdf

A diving gannet - the fall.url

A traffic ticket.url

Galileo's theorems.url

How fast do you need to go.url

Kinematic equations.url

The cat and the antelope.url

Making up a lap.url

The stooping hawk.url

The tortoise and the hare 2 Symbolic.url

Comfort with forces.pdf

Force on a woodpecker.pdf

Kicking a car.pdf

Son of the ball and the juggler.pdf

The conditions for Newton 3.pdf

Trap-jaw ants.pdf

Comfort with forces.url

Force on a woodpecker.url

Kicking a car.url

Son of the ball and the juggler.url

The conditions for Newton 3.url

Trap jaw ants.url

A diving gannet - the fall.pdf

Crawling amoebas.pdf

Stretching multiple springs - toy model of a muscle.pdf

Stretching multiple springs - toy model of a normal force.pdf

The content in Coulomb's law.pdf

A diving gannet - in the water.url

Crawling amoebas.url

Stretching multiple springs - toy model of a muscle.url

Stretching multiple springs - toy model of a normal force.url

The content in Coulomb's law.url

Diffusion is different.pdf

Random vs coherent motion (listeria).pdf

Random or not, here I come.pdf

Random or not, here I come (MC).pdf

Diffusion is different.url

Random vs coherent motion.url

Random or not here I come.url

Random or not here I come (MC).url

Compressing a tibia.pdf

Constructing the spring constant.pdf

Dimensions of material properties.pdf

Compressing a tibia.url

Constructing the spring constant.url

Dimensions of material properties.url

A blocked artery.pdf

Blood flow in a constricted artery.pdf

Effects of tobacco_ 1 - Qualitative.pdf

Effects of tobacco_ 2 - Symbolic.pdf

Extending the oxygen.pdf

Vasoconstriction.pdf

A blocked artery.url

Blood flow in a constricted artery.url

Effects of tobacco 1 - Qualitative.url

Effects of tobacco 2 - Symbolic.url

Extending the oxygen.url

Vasoconstriction.url

A superelastic collision.pdf

Fan carts P and E.pdf

Launching a block up a ramp_ 2 - Symbolic.pdf

Lifting a box up a ramp (with friction).pdf

Sliding down a ramp.pdf

A superelastic collision.url

Fan carts P and E.url

Launching a block up a ramp 2 - Symbolic.url

Lifting a box up a ramp (with friction).url

Sliding down a ramp.url

Molecular collisions_ 3.pdf

Molecular collisions 3.url

A two molecule mix of gases.pdf

Boltzmann -- physicist or chemist.pdf

Comparing thermodynamic concepts .pdf

Free energy in free expansion.pdf

Free energy in heat flow.pdf

Free energy of mixing in isothermal free expansion.pdf

Insane in the membrane_ 2 - Lipid bilayers.pdf

Let me count the ways.pdf

Probability of molecular excited states.pdf

Thermodynamics of life.pdf

Two equations with heat and temperature.pdf

A two molecule mix of gases.url

Boltzmann -- physicist or chemist.url

Comparing thermodynamic concepts.url

Free energy in free expansion.url

Free energy in heat flow.url

Free energy of mixing in isothermal free expansion.url

Insane in the membrane 2 - Lipid bilayers.url

Let me count the ways.url

Thermodynamics of life.url

Probability of molecular excited states.url

Two equations with heat and temperature.url

Capacitors in series and parallel.pdf

Circuit model of a cell membrane.pdf

Constant current source.pdf

Contemplating Ohm's law.pdf

Debye length change.pdf

Details on dipoles.pdf

Electric currents in a membrane model.pdf

Electric fields in solution.pdf

Electric potential from a water molecule.pdf

Kirchoff's laws in a membrane model.pdf

Mechanism in a resistor.pdf

Nernst potential toy model.pdf

Resistor vs capacitor.pdf

Seeing Kirchhoff's laws in a circuit.pdf

Capacitors in series and parallel.url

Circuit model of a cell membrane.url

Constant current source.url

Contemplating Ohm's law.url

Details on dipoles.url

Electric currents in a membrane model.url

Debye length change.url

Electric fields in solution.url

Electric potential from a water molecule.url

Kirchhoff's laws in a membrane model.url

Mechanism in a resistor.url

Nernst potential essay.url

Seeing Kirchhoff's laws in a circuit.url

Resistor vs capacitor.url

Analyzing two oscillators.pdf

Diatomic vibrations.pdf

What's wrong with cos.pdf

Where is the energy.pdf

Why not cos(t).pdf

Analyzing two oscillators.url

Diatomic vibrations.url

What's wrong with cos.url

Where is the energy.url

Why not cos(t).url

Equations for sinusoidal waves.pdf

Interpreting an oscillatory equation.pdf

More moving pulses.pdf

Oscillatory parameters and variables.pdf

Propagating a Gaussian pulse 1.pdf

Propagating a Gaussian pulse 2.pdf

Representations of elastic strings.pdf

Sinusoidal waves on a beaded string.pdf

Equations for sinusoidal waves.url

Interpreting an oscillatory equation.url

More moving pulses.url

Propagating a Gaussian pulse 1.url

Oscillatory parameters and variables.url

Propagating a Gaussian pulse 2.url

Representations of elastic strings.url

Sinusoidal waves on a beaded string.url

Evolving an eyeball.pdf

Exploring a lens.pdf

Flame test.pdf

One and two slit patterns.pdf

Representing an interference pattern.pdf

The camera and the slide projector.pdf

X-ray crystallography.pdf

Evolving an eyeball.url

Exploring a lens.url

One and two slit patterns .url

Flame test.url

Representing an interference pattern.url

The camera and the slide projector.url

X-ray crystallography.url

INSTRUCTOR GUIDE


IMPLEMENTATION

Equipment required:  Computers / software

Specific equipment needed:  Web access is needed for the homework problems for students.

Basic implementation tips & tricks:  A lot of the reasoning we demonstrate in class can hide complex thought processes that we as experts do automatically without thinking. Tying all derivations and explanations to fundamental equations and principles can help students learn to see the power of being able to develop chains of reasoning rather than simply trying to memorize lots of specific results.

How does this resource fit into the flow of your course?  I try to use a focus on fundamental principle and reasoning from basic (anchor) equations throughout the class. Quiz and exam questions are designed to be most easily done when started from basic principles. Quiz and exam questions are variations from what students have already seen, so if they use principle-based reasoning, the questions are easy; if they try to just remember the answers, they are not successful.

PEDAGOGY

Pedagogical approach:  Conceptually-oriented activities; Mathematically-focused activities

Skills / Competencies:  Multiple representations; Intuition building; Applying physical principles

What insights or realizations do you hope students gain from this resource?  1. Equations in physics blend conceptual knowledge with mathematics.
2. Physics is a "principle-based" discipline; a few powerful fundamental principles are powerful tools for solving lots of problems.
3. A core ("anchor") equation can serve as a way of organizing large blocks of physics knowledge.

Why is this resource useful to life sciences students?  A lot of phenomena in both biology and chemistry are controlled by basic laws of physics. Understanding this can help students build a sense of mechanism - how things work and why, and get beyond simply memorizing what appear on the surface to be confusing or even contradictory results.

DISCUSSION

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SUBMISSION DETAILS


Copyright:   2025 Edward Redish

License:   CC BY-NC-SA - Attribution, No Commercial uses and Share Alike. Derivative works must have the same license.

Last Edit Date:  January 21, 2025

Vetted Library Publication Date:  December 16, 2021

Submission Date:  September 23, 2021

Version: 
Version 7, January 21, 2025
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